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Report: Environmental legislation influencing Atlantic salmon farming in open net pen systems – A global perspective

Salmon aquaculture has formally been established in the marine industry for over 50 years. As the industry has expanded the environmental impact of the industry has also grown. Salmon aquaculture is now practiced across the world, though comparable environmental impacts associated with the industry can be seen across nations including organic and chemical waste, sea lice infection, disease and plastic waste as well as socio-economic impacts. Nations where salmon farming is undertaken have often sought to limit these impacts through regulation and legislation. However, the industry has often grown quickly, resulting in legislation and regulation, frequently implemented retrospectively.

This study reviews current legislation and regulation of 7 salmon producing nations. There is a wide variety of legislative mechanisms in place across the different nations undertaking salmon aquaculture, much of which is with consideration to the environmental impacts of the industry. Currently there is no global legislative requirement to monitor the environmental impacts of salmon aquaculture. This has led to a range in stringency and scope of the environmental monitoring in place across countries. Nonetheless there are clear instances where regulation has made a significant effort to ensure that the industry expands whilst limiting the impact it causes to the environment.

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